a0a502a091 See also[edit]. pp.433436. This intervention should subsequently be made the object of research, designed to evaluate its safety and efficacy. 16. doi:10.1136/bmj.39339.610000.BE. The investigator's duty is solely to the patient (Articles 2, 3 and 10) or volunteer (Articles 16, 18), and while there is always a need for research (Article 6), the subject's welfare must always take precedence over the interests of science and society (Article 5), and ethical considerations must always take precedence over laws and regulations (Article 9). As Macklin[38] points out, both sides may be right, since justice "is not an unambiguous concept".
PMC1127802. PMID14635633. ^ WMA Ethics Unit Invitation of Submissions ^ Schmidt, Harald; Schulz-Baldes, Annette (November 28, 2007). The Declaration more specifically addressed clinical research, reflecting changes in medical practice from the term 'Human Experimentation' used in the Nuremberg Code. PMID14959716. (2001). "The Ethics of Placebo-Controlled Trials A Middle Ground". "Some Recent Developments in the International Guidelines on the Ethics of Research Involving Human Subjectsa". "The continuing unethical use of placebo controls".
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